Jo March’s Effort for Equality in The Little Women Film: A Utilitarianism Perspective

Abstract

This study examines the character Jo March in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women (2019) from
the perspective of John Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism, focusing on her actions to achieve
equality, freedom, and collective happiness. The purpose of this study is to identify
indicators of utilitarianism in Little Women from John Stuart Mill’s perspective, analyze
how Jo March’s actions reflect the principles of utilitarianism, and investigate the
underlying reasons and social implications of her utilitarian behavior, particularly in
promoting meaningful happiness and social well-being. Using a qualitative analytical
descriptive method, this study uses primary data from dialogues and film scenes,
supplemented by secondary sources such as relevant literature and previous studies. The
findings of this study reveal that Jo’s actions, such as establishing a school, writing to
support her family, and advocating for gender equality, demonstrate actions and
commitments to achieving equality, freedom, and collective happiness. This is in line with
Mill’s principles of collective happiness, individual sacrifice, and freedom. Her decisions
emphasize the importance of prioritizing the welfare of society while pursuing personal
aspirations. This study contributes to literary and ethical discourse by offering a new
perspective on Jo March as a moral agent who embodies utilitarian ideals, thereby
expanding understanding of her character and the film's broader commentary on gender
and social progress.